Ngokukhawulezaukufunyanwa kwentsholongwane ye-African swine fever

"Sichonge umgca weseli onokusetyenziswa ukwahlula kunye nokufumana intsholongwane ephilayo," watsho usosayensi we-ARS uGqr Douglas Gladue."Olu yimpumelelo enkulu kunye nenyathelo elikhulu eliya phambili ekufunyanisweni kwentsholongwane yehagu yaseAfrika."
Okwangoku akukho sitofu sokugonya i-ASF, kwaye ulawulo loqhambuko luhlala luxhomekeke ekubekweni bodwa kunye nokususwa kwezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo okanye ezivezwayo.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukufunyaniswa okusebenzayo kwentsholongwane ye-ASF ephilayo kufuna ukuqokelelwa kweeseli zegazi kwiihagu zabanikeli eziphilayo kuvavanyo ngalunye lokuxilonga, njengoko iiseli zinokusetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela.Imigca yeseli emitsha inokuphindaphindwa ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ifakwe emkhenkceni ukuze isetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo, ukunciphisa inani lezilwanyana eziphilayo ezifunekayo.
Umgca weseli entsha unokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwiilebhu zokuxilonga zonyango lwezilwanyana, ngokuqhelekileyo ezingenakho ukufikelela kwiiseli zegazi ze-porcine ezifunekayo ukukhangela intsholongwane ye-ASF ephilayo.
Ngokophononongo, ukuxilongwa kwe-ASF kwiisampulu zeklinikhi (uninzi lwegazi elipheleleyo) lwenziwa kusetyenziswa ixesha langempela le-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), uvavanyo lwe-molecular olunokubona inxalenye encinci ye-viral genome kodwa ayikwazi ukubona intsholongwane ephilayo. intsholongwane..Ukwahlukaniswa kwentsholongwane kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe usulelo olusebenzayo kunye nohlalutyo olulandelayo, njengokulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyo.Okwangoku, ukuhlukaniswa kwentsholongwane kunokwenzeka kuphela usebenzisa i-macrophages yokuqala ye-porcine, engafane ifumaneke kwiilebhu ezininzi zokuxilongwa kwezilwanyana zengingqi.Imveliso yeporcine macrophages ephambili idla ixesha kwaye isebenze kakhulu ngenxa yesidingo sokuqokelela iiseli kwigazi lehagu okanye iiseli zodwa emiphungeni.Uphononongo lwangaphambili lubonise ukuba intsholongwane ye-ASF iphinda-phinda kwimigca yeseli esekiweyo emva kokuba intsholongwane iqhelanise nomgca othile weseli, ngokuqhelekileyo emva kwenkqubo yokudlula.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iiseli zeeseli ezivuthiweyo ezithengiswayo azizange ziboniswe ukuba zifanelekile kwi-virus ye-ASF yodwa usebenzisa iisampuli zentsimi.
Kolu phononongo, abaphandi bachonge umgca weseli okwaziyo ukuxhasa ukufunyanwaASFVkwiisampulu endle kunye TCID50 ubuntununtunu ethelekiseka naleyo yeporcine macrophages eziphambili.Ukuhlolwa ngononophelo kwemigca yeeseli ezifumanekayo kurhwebo kukhokelele ekuchongweni kweeseli zenkawu eziluhlaza zaseAfrika ze-MA-104 njenge-surrogate ye-primary porcine macrophages ye-ASF virus isolation.
Kukho ukuqhambuka kwamva nje kwentsholongwane ye-ASF ngaphandle kwelizwekazi laseAfrika ukususela ekuveleni kwayo kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseGeorgia ngo-2007. Esi sifo sisanda kusasazeka e-China nakwamanye amazwe ase-Southeast Asia, kuquka iMongolia, iVietnam, iCameroon, iNyakatho neSouth Korea, iLaos. , eMyanmar, kwiiPhilippines, eTimor-Leste, eIndonesia, ePapua New Guinea naseIndiya.Ukuqhambuka kwangoku koxinzelelo "iGeorgia" isasazeka kakhulu kwaye ibulala iihagu zasekhaya, kunye nezinga lokufa ukuya kwi-100%.Nangona intsholongwane okwangoku ingekho e-United States, ishishini lehagu lase-US lingafumana ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho xa kuqhambuke.